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STD X-Science 2 Environmental management/ Ecosystem

Title : Environmental Management

Maharashtra state board solutions for class 10 SSC board science part STD X-Science 2 Environmental management

 Know everything about; Ecosystem and environmental management .Maharashtra state board class 10 SSC .Get detailed Questions and answers for chapter 2 Science , environmental management, Ecosystem part 1

Introduction to ecosystem ,important question and answer

**Q.1) What is ecosystem? Which are its different components?

 Answer: Ecosystem is formed by biotic and abiotic factors and their interactions with each other. Each factor plays very important role in the ecosystem. Producers like plants are important. Herbivores like deer, goats, sheep, cattle, horses, camels, etc. feeding upon producers are also important. Predators like lion and tiger which prevent the overpopulation of herbivores are also equally important.

 Q.2) Which are the types of consumers? What are the criteria for their classification?

Answer: Consumers are classified as primary consumers, secondary consumers and tertiary consumers. They are classified on the basis on the food they eat or the prey they hunt and feed on.

Q.3) What may be the relationship between lake and birds on tree? A bird building nest on a tree feed upon the fishes in nearby pond. Whether this bird is part of both i.e. tree as well as pond ecosystem?

 Answer: Yes. Birds are a part of both tree as well as pond ecosystem. The trees around the lake bed are very important for 2 roosting and nesting of some of the birds. They feed upon fishes from the pond as well as fruits and insects from the trees.

Q.4) What is difference between food chain and food web?

Answer: A food web consists of many food chains. A food chain only follows just one path as animals find food. e.g. A hawk eats a snake, which has eaten a frog, which has eaten a grasshopper, which has eaten grass. A food web shows the many different paths plants and animals are connected.

 Q.5) Write the name and category of each of the component shown in picture. Food chain

Answer: Grass (producer), Grasshopper (primary consumer), Frog (Secondary consumer), Snake (tertiary consumer), Eagle (Apex consumer), Microbes (Decomposers).

Q.6) What is necessary to convert this picture into food web? Why?

Answer: Including more primary consumers like squirrel, deer, goat etc., secondary consumers like wolf, fox, etc., and by showing the interconnection between these animals will convert the food chain into food web.

 Q.7) Which are different trophic levels in food chain?

 Answer: Trophic levels can be represented by numbers, starting at level 1 with plants.

 · Level 1: Plants and algae make their own food and are called producers.

· Level 2: Herbivores eat plants and are called primary consumers.

 · Level 3: Carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers.

 · Level 4: Carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers

. Q.8) What is energy pyramid?

 Answer: An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain. From the bottom-up, they are as follows: Humans: - 10 kcal Fishes: - 100 kcal Zooplanktons: - 1000 kcal Phytoplankton: - 10, 000 kcal

Q.9) Write a note on ‘Jivo Jivasya Jivanam’.

 Answer: Jivo Jivasya Jivanam means that one living thing is the food of another. It is a very important concept which can be observed around us. Let us take the example of a lion, deer and grass, the lion eats the deer, the deer eats the grass and when the lion dies it is converted into nutrients for soil which is consumed by grass.

Q.10) If frog population declines all of a sudden, what will be the effect on paddy crop?

Answer: As frogs feed on insects like grasshoppers so paddy crop production will go down as the population of grass hoppers will increase and will damage the paddy crop.

Q.11) If frog population declines all of a sudden, number of which consumers will decline and which will increase?

Answer: The population of primary consumers like grasshoppers will increase and that of tertiary consumer like snake that feed on frogs will decrease.

 Q.12) If frog population declines all of a sudden, what will be overall effect on that ecosystem? Answer: The natural balance of the ecosystem will be disturbed

 

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